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ECPB 2014, 66(2): 53–58
Clinical physiology and biochemistry

Biochemistry examination of calcium and phosphorus content in blood and urine of children with ecologically determined bone diseases

Kech N.
Abstract

It is a well known fact, that one of the most important mechanisms of xenobiotics influence for human organism is calcium and phosphorus homeostasis and cells oxidative metabolism disruption. This is caused by changes of intracells calcium and phosphorus flows and their changes on specific receptors with following activation of calcium-dependent ferments and hormones.

That is why, studying of calcium and phosphorus level in the blood and urine in investigated children is important, especially with ecologically determined diseases. IvanoFrankivsk region is an example of regions with common ecopathology among children, caused by anthropogenic pollution of environment. This region is one of the ten regions that form ecologic situation in Ukraine. Ecological situation in region is an outcome of accumulation of pollutants, especially hazardous solid wastes of industries and radioactive pollution after the Chernobyl disaster. That is why it was important to study calcium and phosphorus homeostasis data in children who live in chemistry and radiation polluted areas in Ivano-Frankivsk region (Halych, Dolyna, Kalush and Snyatyn areas). The group of control was formed with children from ecologically clean area – Horodenka area of Ivano-Frankivsk region.

The research of calcium and phosphorus metabolism in children with ecologically determined bone diseases was the aim of our investigation.

We investigated calcium and phosphorus metabolism in 226 children with ecologically determined bone diseases. 167 children from ecologically unfriendly region and 59 children from ecologically clean area were examined. Children’s age was from 3 to 18 years, gender – 48% boys and 52% – girls. All children were clinically observed, instrumental (ultrasound investigation, ultrasound densitometry) and laboratory diagnostics were done. Level of calcium and phosphorus in the blood and urine in these children was analyzed by biochemistry examination. Bone mineral density and bone system degree of changes were measured by ultrasound densitometry: bone mineral density < 67% – osteoporosis, bone mineral density from 80% to 67% – osteopenia, 100 +/– 20% – normal bone mineral density, 120% and more – osteosclerosis.

Level of calcium and phosphorus in the blood in observed children from polluted region was reduced, instead of kind of pollution and xenobiotics ways of entrance. Level of calcium in the urine was increased in the majority of observed children from radiation polluted region and in children with osteosclerosis from chemistry polluted regions. And level of phosphorus in the urine was increased in the majority of observed children from chemistry polluted regions.

Low level of calcium and phosphorus in blood and high level of calcium and phosphorus in urine in almost all children from the radiation polluted region and in 2/3 children from the chemistry polluted region, means higher level of ecologically determined bone diseases, kidneys and thyroid gland diseases in these children and variety of symptoms this ecopathology of different kinds of pollutions.

To sum up, we can say, that calcium and phosphorus level data in the blood and urine in children with ecopathology are very important and informative. They also are sensitive markers of individual sensibilization of organism with anthropogenic pollution of environment.

Keywords: calcium and phosphorus metabolism, ecologically determined bone diseases, children

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