We have researched the response of the animal organism to the exposure of chemical stress factors, which included the study of the hematological dynamics index, the enzyme composition of blood; an assessment of the regulatory systems of the content of catecholamine in the liver of white Wistar rats after oral priming aqueous solutions of surfactants was carried out. Tested doses were 1/1000, 1/100, 1/10 DL50. As modulators of stress two surfactants with specific properties were used: ethoxylated alkylphenol derived from propylene trimer. General Formula: S9N13-S6N4O- (C2H4O)n, wherein N – degree of ethoxylation 12; sodium salt of carboxymethylated ethoxylate based izononilfenola with a degree of ethoxylation 6. general formula: CH3 (CH2) 8-S6N4O- (CH2CH2O)6SN2SOON.

As a result of the long-term experiment (45 days) the launch of the primary adaptation mechanisms of animals to harmful factors connected with the compensation of the damaging effect of preserving and maintaining homeostasis. Long-term experiment used in the stress modulators have similar effect on serum enzyme: malate dehydrogenase, lactate dehydrogenase, changing dynamics dehydrogenase levels were less pronounced in groups of animals poisoned by the cation ionic xenobiotics. The increase in activity of the aspartate aminotransferase in blood ALT and 1.7 times 1.3 times in blood of the mentioned catalyzed transamination reactions, and hence cell essential amino acids supplied for construction of cellular organelles. The action of modulators of stress decreased activity of copper-containing enzymes – ceruloplasmin 50 %.

Experiments have shown that surfactant doses 1/10, 1/100 DL50 led to dynamic changes in enzyme activity in organs and tissues. More significant changes were found in groups of animals treated with 1/10 DL50 xenobiotics. Influence of substances on enzyme activity indicated that the surfactants are able to modify the operation of enzymes in the body. The results of these studies suggest that xenobiotics are continuously acting on the body, causing changes in the morphological stages of the adaptation process. A wide range of changes and their variability could be observed.

It was found that prolonged influence of stress modulators in the existing doses 1/10 and 1/100 DL50 causes allostatic response type in the form of the sustainable stabilization of the functional state of the organism, starting from the 30th day. Changes can be localized in any organ or encompass many organs and systems, which emphasizes the concept of allostasis, including the provision of a large number of regulatory dimensions, which are controlled by multiple interacting mechanisms appropriate wide range of modulation effects. The results of changes in the activity of enzymes in the dynamics of the experiment reach a plateau between the 30-th and 45-th study day.

In the dynamics of the prolonged effects of surfactants on the animal organism, we have traced the formation of the enzyme response to the action of small doses of stress factor and concluded that the body includes adaptive stress response up to the 45th day. During the experiment, none of the animals died. This indicates that the body copes with this type of load factor exogenous environment.

The long-term effects of stress in the existing modulators doses 1/10 and 1/100 DL50 cause allostatic response type in a sustainable stabilization of the functional state of the body, starting from 30 days.

Keywords: allostasis, homeostasis adaptive mechanisms, regulatory systems of the organism, modulators of stress, surfactants, Wistar rats

Full text: PDF (Ukr) 856K

1. 1. Bozhkov А, Dlubovskaya V, Dmitriev V, Klimova Y, Malayev V, Meshaykina N. The possible role of "metabolic memory" in shaping a response to stress - factors in young and adult organisms. Advances in Gerontology. 2009;22(2):259-268.
2. 2. Voloschenko О, Wise I. Hygienic value of surfactants. Kiev: Health; 1991.174.
3. 3. Elizarova О, Jidkova L, Kochetkova T. Аllowance toxicology laboratory. Moscow: Medicine; 1974.168.
4. 4. Kolb V, Kamyshnikov V. Handbook of Clinical Chemistry. Minsk: Belarus; 1982. 365.
5. 5. Menshikov V. Laboratory Methods in clinic. Moscow: Medicine; 1987. 368.
6. 6. Nakonechnaya О. Influence polyethers content adrenaline and noradrenaline in rat serum. Experimental and Clinical Medicine. 2010;49(4):45-48.
7. 7. Filaretova L. Stress in physiological experiments. Physiological journal. 2010;96(9):924-935.
8. 8. Shcherban N. Structural and functional state of the membranes in the evaluation of homeostasis in the conditions of influences of xenobiotics on the body. Experimental and Clіnіcal Medicine. 2006;3:70-75.
9. 9. Shcherban N, Gorbach T, Guseva N, et al. Laboratory techniques for the study of the state of antioxidant system of organism and lipid peroxidation level. Kharkiv: Methodological Instructions for doctorants, students, graduate students, masters and research performers. 2004.36.
10. 10. Allostatic Load. A revive of the literature, 2012. Canberra: Department of Veterans' Affairs. 2012. 93.
11. 11. McEwen B, Wingfield J. The concept of allostasis in biology and biomedicine. Hormones and Behavior. 2003;43:2-15.doi.org/10.1016/S0018-506X(02)00024-7
12. 12. Schulkin J. Allostasis, Homeostasis, and the Costs of Adaptation. Cambridge University Press. 2004.384.
13. 13. Sterling P, Eyer J. Allostasis: a new paradigm to explain arousal pathology. In: Handbook of Life Stress, Cogintion and Health. New York, NY: J. Wiley & Sons. 1988; 629-649.