Combination of diabetes mellitus (DM) type 2 and arterial hypertension significantly increases risk of cardiovascular diseases and mortality of patients. In more than 70% of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus is observed dyslipidemia, characterized by a high level of triglycerides, total cholesterol, lower HDL cholesterol. Qualitative changes of lipoproteins occur at this combined pathology: the content of small low-density lipoproteins, which drive atherosclerosis, and no enzymatic glycosylation of lipoproteins, which are part of the protein. These processes are activated by hyperglycemia and accelerate development of atherosclerosis. Accordingly, the aim of this study was to investigate the connection between resistin levels and mediators of non-specific inflammation with lipids metabolism in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and arterial hypertension I–II degree and without arterial hypertension, which is important for the study of pathogenetic role of adipose tissue hormones, including resistin, and the cytokine in processes of atherogenesis, the development of type 2 diabetes and its vascular complications.

The study involved 137 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, who were divided into two groups depending on the presence of hypertension I–II degree (Group 1:51 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus with arterial hypertension I–II degree, mean age = 53.32 ± 0.77 y., BMI = 32.14 ± 0.78 kg / m2; Group 2: 86 patients with diabetes 2 diabetes mellitus without arterial hypertension, mean age = 52.79 ± 0.69 y., BMI = 30.31 ± 0.62 kg / m2), the groups were comparable in age and BMI (p > 0.05). For all patients anthropometric studies were conducted, as well as calculation of body mass index, ratio waist/hip, ambulatory blood pressure monitoring, determination in serum content of resistin, HbA1c, insulin, TNF-a, IL-2, IL-6, total cholesterol, high-density lipoproteins, triglycerides, low-density lipoproteins.

The study demonstrated that levels of resistin, IL-6 and TNF-a were significantly higher in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and arterial hypertension I–II degree. Furthermore, when analyzing the content of these adipokines after division into groups depending on the achievement of target lipid levels significantly higher content of resistin in serum was found in patients with diabetes mellitus type 2 and arterial hypertension I–II degree and elevated levels of total cholesterol and triglycerides. Which proves the part of resistin, IL-6 and TNF-α in the regulation of blood pressure and lipid metabolism in these patients. Correlative analysis of relationships between resistin and cytokines and other lipid abnormalities in groups of patients with type 2 diabetes based on the presence of arterial hypertension I–II degree did not find accurate correlation between levels of resistin containing lipid indices in both groups of patients studied. Instead the reliable positive correlation of resistin, IL-2, IL-6 and TNF-α was revealed in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus with arterial hypertension I–II degree and without arterial hypertension. This allows considering, that resistin as one of the mediators of inflammatory conditions.

Considering our results, we can assume that changes of resistin production, IL-6 and TNF-a may participate in the regulation of both blood pressure and lipid metabolism in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus with arterial hypertension I–II degree and without arterial hypertension.

Keywords: diabetes mellitus type 2, arterial hypertension, resistin, interleukin-2, interleukin-6, tumor tumor-necrosis factor-α, lipids

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