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ECPB 2016, 76(4): 47–52
https://doi.org/10.25040/ecpb2016.04.047
Clinical physiology and biochemistry

Impact of Laser Irradiation and Diadynamic Phoresis Treatment on Gingival Microbiocenosis in Teenagers with Chronic Catarrhal Gingivitis

V. HRYNOKH, O. KORNIYCHUK, O. VOYTYUK
Abstract

Development of chronic catarrhal gingivitis (CCG) is one of the consequences of physiological changes in the body that cause exertion of basic functions in pubertate period.

Nowadays, specific associated biofilm structures of dental plaque (Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomintans, Prevotella intermedia, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Bacteroides melanogenicus) is considered particularly important microbial features of the indicated process. Streptococcus constelatuns, Streptococcus intermedius, Streptococcus anginosus (group anginosus) may largely be involved in the development of gingivitis in the group of oral streptococci.

Besides conventional treatment physiotherapy is additionally included in the complex of therapeutic measures in average degree of CCG.

Considerable qualities of laser radiation enable to use it differentially in the complex treatment of oral mucosal diseases. In our studies, we investigated the efficacy of treatment based on changes in the indices of gingival microbiocenosis in combined action of laser therapy with diadynamic phoresis treatment (LTDDF) compared to treatment efficacy with single use of laser therapy (LT).

Gingival microbiocenosis of 48 teenagers aged 11–15 with chronic catarrhal gingivitis (CCG) have been examined under the condition of LT (I investigated group, n = 23) and gradual action of LTDDF before and after treatment (II investigated group, n = 25). We used therapeutic device "Scorpion dental optima" (Bulgaria) under the conditions: the wave length is 0.63 microns, frequency – 80 Hz, the power is 100–200 mW / cm2 (first 3 days), we increased the frequency of radiation to 150 Hz by power of 25 mW / cm2 next 4 days. Simultaneously, after LT we performed DPT of 1 % vitamin C solution within 7 days.

Modern methods of microorganisms’ cultivation and determination of their affiliation to the relevant taxonomic group (family) were used to study gingival microbiocenosis. Assessment of obtained results of microbiological studies was conducted by indexes: A determination the frequency of microorganisms in the corresponding group (%) and B – the proportion of the identified microbe among other symbionts, M ± m (%).

Microecological changes in gingival mucous in patients with CCG (compared with gums indices of healthy children) were accompanied by shift to the increase in the proportion of gram-positive microorganisms of coccal group from 39.0 ± 3.0 % to 54.0 ± 2.4 % (p < 0.01) and the activation of anaerobic microflora (from 31.0 ± 2.9 % in the control group to 40.0 ± 2.4 % in adolescents with CCG (p < 0.05)), activation of enterococci with frequency of incidence of 35.7 % against 20.0 % in control group, staphylococci (in 4.5 times) and corynebacteria. It may be noted the appearance of Peptostreptococcus spp., Porphyromonas spp. and also bacteroides and fusobacteria were not detected in teenagers with intact periodontium.

The use of both LT and LTDDF caused a slight increase in the proportion of oral streptococci among other microorganisms (p < 0.05). The use of LTDDF allowed achieving the elimination of non-oral streptococci and also decreasing the frequency of staphylococci culture from 64.0 to 12.0 % (only the use of LT from 69.6 to 30.4 %). The use of both LT and LTDDF allowed reaching levels of revealing corynebacteria in control indices. The elimination (or reduction in quantity level) of specific microbial factors (porfiromonada and prevotella) of CCG has been marked and it has been achieved due to LTDDF.

The results of observation enabled to confirm higher efficacy of treatment in more distant terms that combines the complex of physiotherapeutic factors (Laser Therapy with following using of LTDDF) as it was recorded a stable remission in 71.4 % among children treated with LT and in 87.5 % who underwent LTDDF during the year.

Added: 10.11.2016

Keywords: chronic catarrhal gingivitis, microorganisms, laser irradiation, diadynamic phoresis

Full text: PDF (Ukr) 961K

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